This is a membrane that prevents most of the cells in the brain from being exposed to serious fluctuations in blood plasma composition, thus protecting neural function. But since some POMC brain cells have more direct communication with the rest of the system and interact with hormones released into the blood, Jo thought they may also be able to respond to fluctuations in body temperature.
In order to test this hypothesis, the researchers first experimented with mouse hypothalamus tissue that contained POMC brain cells. They exposed this tissue first to capsaicin, and then to heat, to see whether these cells would be able to respond to both stimuli. The researchers were not disappointed — both the presence of heat and that of the chili pepper compound activated POMC neurons, meaning that they had TRPV1 receptors.
Two thirds of these cells responded to these two different heat stimuli, the researchers noted. At the next stage of their research, the scientists conducted various tests using mice, in order to understand how POMC neurons reduced appetite after their TRPV1 receptors were activated. So, Jo and colleagues saw that when they exposed the arcuate nuclei of mice to capsaicin, the animals tended to eat less food over the following 12 hours.
The scientists, however, were able to block the loss of appetite associated with capsaicin exposure either by blocking the TRPV1 receptors of POMC neurons before administering the compound, or by turning off the gene that encodes such receptors in mice.
Jo and team also put some mice on treadmills, leaving them to run for a period for 40 minutes. In this way, they created the conditions that are typical of a regular workout session. The exercising rodents had an approximately 50 percent lower food intake after the treadmill session than their counterparts that had not taken part in the exercise.
And, finally, exposure to treadmill exercise had no effect on the appetite of the mice whose TRPV1 receptors had been suppressed. This suggests that heightened body heat due to physical activity stimulates relevant receptors in the brain to decrease the desire for food.
Do you have a desk-based job and struggle to find the time to be active during the day? We have some top tips to help you stay active at work.
Of course, you have to eat at some point, and the nutritionist generally recommends eating within about one to three hours of moderate exercise. For more intense workouts, particularly ones that are longer than an hour, she suggests eating a small meal within 30 minutes of exercising, and a more regular, balanced meal within about two to three hours of the workout.
And if you're wondering what to put on your post-workout plate, Temples suggests eating something that's high in both carbs and protein, especially if you just did something super intense like a HIIT workout. Specifically, to hit that carb-protein sweet spot, the nutritionist recommends salted potatoes and turkey breast as a post-workout meal, a banana and peanut butter, or even eggs on toast. After a strength-based workout, she says, many people find they want a little more protein to nosh on, like a protein shake with a banana, cottage cheese and pineapple, or tuna on crackers.
But if you aren't running to the bodega the minute after finishing your workout, don't freak out. Your appetite will come back, and oh my lord will that Seamless takeout be delicious. In that case, yes, you should have something to eat. For workouts lasting longer than two hours—like a long bike ride or a marathon training run—sucking down a gel or sipping a sports drink will keep you from feeling ravenous afterward.
Avoid anything with protein, since it takes longer to for the stomach to digest. This article originally appeared on Health. Contact us at letters time.
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